SCHEDULING
“ It is the
preparation in advance of a list of different activities and their order of
sequence to carry out as per planned programme.”
Need for scheduling: In order to complete the work efficiently, the project manager must plan and schedule. The main aspect of project management will be scheduling after activities in given time span.
1. Determination
of amount of work to be done.
2. The
order of the work.
3. Time
when each part of the work will start.
4. Determining
quantity and rates.
5. Date
of starting of each unit of work at each stage.
ADVANTAGES OF
SCHEDULING:
1. Alternate
economical methods of construction.
2. Time
of starting of each activity is known and prior arrangements for the resources
such as men, material, machines and money at each stage can be made
3. Available
resources directed towards various activities to the best advantage.
4. Actual
progress of each activity can be monitored and required action can be taken
before it causes hindrance.
5. Any
changes in geological conditions or in original plan can be properly evaluated.
6. Inter
relationship of various activities at any stage are known.
7. The
construction work can be executed in an efficient manner without wastage of
inputs, resulting in maximum possible economy.
1.
Bar Chart: A pictorial chart, also known as the “Bar Chart” was for the first time developed by Henry Gantt around 1900 and is used to deal with complex activities. The bar chart consists of two coordinates, the horizontal represents the time elapsed and the vertical represents the job or activities performed. The jobs or activities are shown in the form of bars shown in Fig.
The
length of the bar shows the time the job or that activity takes for completion.
In
Fig. example, activities A and B can start at the same time and proceed
concurrently or in parallel, though they take different time intervals for
their completion. Activity C begins 5 days after the start of activity A and B.
Activity D cannot be started until activity B is over. The bars representing B
and D therefore run serially.
Limitations of a Bar Chart:
A bar chart may appear to be an excellent pictorial representation of the project, but in actual practice, these have serious limitations.
· * In any project, there
are large numbers of activities which can be started with a certain degree of
concurrency; the bar chart cannot indicate clearly the independencies among the
various activities. This is a major limitation.
· * The bar chart does not
indicate the progress of work; hence it cannot be used as a control device. In
a dynamic programming, the knowledge of the amount of work in progress or work
completed is very essential.
· * The third most
important limitation of the bar chart is that it cannot reflect the uncertainty,
or tolerances in the duration of times estimated for various activities.
