ARBORICULTURE: - Road arboriculture is one of the architectural
effects, which adds to the general or overall appearance of the road.
Arboriculture means tree culture, that is care and planting of trees.
Selection of trees or Name of trees: - The selection of trees mainly depends upon the
nature of the soil and the climatic condition of the locality. The following
characteristics of road side trees:
[1] Trees
should have long life.
[2] They
should yield either fruit or timber.
[3] They
should not be very clumsy and should grow centrally so that they should not
cover the roadway.
[4] They
should be dense and should yield shade all the year long.
Types of
trees suitable for a particular type of soil.
|
S.N |
Types of soil |
Trees which can be planted |
|
1 |
Loamy soil |
Shisham, mango, jamun, kathal, imli etc. |
|
2 |
Clayey soil |
Gold mohar, jamun, mango, malina etc. |
|
3 |
Sandy soil |
Shisham, safedsin, arroo, kanjee etc. |
|
4 |
Usar |
Neem, imli, babool, dhak etc. |
Location
of trees: -Planting of tress along the road side can be either
on one side on or both sides. The trees should be planted in a position where
it does not interfere with the traffic or damage the road surface. Generally
trees are planted on both sides of the road. The minimum distance from the edge
of the road and line of trees should be 2 to 3mt. the distance between the two
trees depend on the nature of the trees and it varies from 10mt to 18mt. the
trees should be planted in a staggered way, that is, a tree in one roe should
be in between the two trees in the other row, on the other side of the
road.
Tree Guards: - Tree guards are fences around the perimeter of a
tree pit that provide a physical barrier between a tree and our sometimes harsh
urban environment. These tree guards reduce soil compaction, shield the trunk
from physical damage, and prevent pet waste from entering the tree pit.
Traffic Studies: - Traffic
studies or surveys are carried out to analyze the traffic characteristics.
These studies help in deciding the geometric design feature and traffic control
for safe and efficient traffic movements. The various traffic studies generally
carried out are:
(a)
Traffic volume study. (b) Speed
studies – first is spot speed study and second is speed and delay study. (c) Origin and destination (O & D) study. (d) Parking study. (e) Traffic flow
characteristics. (f)
Traffic capacity study.
(g)
Accident studies.